The Siege of Jerusalem: Crusade and Conquest in 1099 Read online

  81, 96

  Lambert the Poor 40

  siege of 18–24, 25, 80, 82, 92, 105,

  Laon 75

  123, 140, 146

  Latakia 36, 78, 158

  Nicetas, governor of Bulgaria 9

  Lethold of Tournai 120–1

  Nîmes 2

  Louis VI, king of France 64, 156, 159

  Nish 9, 10

  Louis VI, king of France 164, 165

  Nizār 52

  Lyon 1

  Notre-Dame Cathedral 86

  Nur ad-Dīn 165, 166, 167, 168, 169

  Ma’arra (Ma’rrat-an-Nu’man) 45, 46, 47,

  70, 74, 80, 84, 90, 123, 139, 142

  Odo of Bayeux 146

  Mainz 5

  Orderic Vitalis 182

  Malik as-Salih 168

  Otbert, bishop of Liége 140

  Malik Ghāzi Gumushtekin 14, 27, 157,

  Otto, bishop of Strasbourg 138–9, 146

  158

  Mamistra 33

  Paris 7

  Marius 130

  Paschal II, pope 64, 159

  Martin Luther 173

  Peter Bartholomew xi, 41–2, 44, 45, 48,

  Mecca 54

  60, 95, 96–7, 104, 137, 145, 146

  Medina 54

  Peter Desiderius 49, 60, 96–8

  Mei Neft o’ah, spring 72

  Peter of Narbonne, bishop of Albara 47,

  Melisende, queen of Jerusalem 164, 165

  84, 122, 139, 144

  Melitene 14, 157

  Peter Raymond of Hautpoul 42

  Montfaucon, castle 140

  Peter the Hermit 3–5, 6, 8–9, 10, 12, 14,

  Montmorency 64

  15, 19, 25, 26, 42–3, 50, 97–8, 133,

  Mosony 9

  149, 151, 159, 174

  Mosul 162, 164, 165, 166, 168, 169, 184

  Peter Tudebode 176–7

  210 I N D E X

  Philip I, king of France 1, 6, 15, 157

  Robert II, count of Flanders 6, 26, 30,

  Philippopolis 16

  34–5, 43, 45, 46, 60, 63, 85, 86, 93,

  Pompey, Roman General 56, 70

  102, 104, 111, 118, 121, 123, 127,

  Portsmouth 156

  139–40, 142, 144, 149, 152, 153, 156

  Prawer, Joshua 176

  Robert II, duke of Normandy 6, 22, 26,

  Puy-de-Dôme 1

  29, 36, 45, 48, 60, 63, 80, 85, 93, 102,

  104, 111, 118, 119, 123, 127, 136,

  al-Qalānisī 183

  139–40, 142, 144, 147, 149, 150, 152,

  Qilij Arslān I, sultan of Rūm 10, 11–14,

  153–4, 156–7, 178, 182

  18, 19, 20, 23, 26, 27, 30–1, 32, 69,

  Robert Guiscard, duke of Apulia and

  85, 158

  Calabria x, 7, 62

  Quantum Praedecessores 164

  Robert the Monk 180–1

  Roger I, king of Sicily 7

  Raimbold Croton 60, 63–4, 79, 129, 160

  Roger I, prince of Antioch 162

  Rainald III, count of Toul 39, 44

  Roger Borsa 7

  Rainald of Beauvais 202–3, 211

  Rollo of Normandy 17

  Ralph of Caen 181–2

  Rothard, steward 128

  Ramla 66, 70, 71, 75, 148–9

  Rouergue 141

  battle 17 May 1102 162

  Ruthard, bishop of Mainz 5

  Raoul, count of Vermandois 159

  Raymond, vicomte of Turenne 74–5

  Saif al-Dīn Ghazi 166, 171

  Raymond III, count of Tripoli 168, 170–2

  St Andrew 42, 45, 49, 96

  Raymond IV, count of Toulouse xi, 2, 6,

  St Cyprian 104

  8, 17, 18, 19–20, 21, 26, 30, 31–2,

  St George 96, 104

  37, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47–8, 49, 56, 58,

  St Gertrude at Nivelles, abbey 140

  59–60, 61, 63, 69, 72, 74, 78, 80,

  St Jean of Laon, convent 85

  84–5, 92, 93, 94, 96–7, 98, 101, 104,

  St John Chrysostom 104

  109–10, 111, 115, 118, 121–2, 127,

  St Leontius 104

  132, 133, 139, 141–3, 144, 145, 149,

  St Martin of Pannonhalma, abbey 9

  150, 152, 153, 158–9, 175, 177

  St Mary of Le Puy, church 177

  Raymond of Aguilers 177–8

  St Mary of Trier, convent 26, 30

  Raymond Pilet 45, 74, 76, 77–8, 84, 122

  St Mary’s Church, Antioch 41

  Reims 75, 159, 161, 180

  St Peter’s Church, Antioch 42, 46

  Reynald of Châtillon 170

  St Symeon’s Port 37

  Richard I, king of England 72

  Saints 1

  Richard of the Principate, count of

  Saladin 154, 167–9, 170–2

  Salerno 18, 33

  Savanj 55

  Richards, D. S. 184

  Seleucid Empire 59

  Richer, bishop of Verdun 140

  Semois, river 80

  Ridwan, emir of Aleppo 35–7, 43, 45,

  Shaizar, emir of 142

  150, 158

  Shams-ad-Daulah 35, 43

  Robert I, count of Flanders 6

  Shawar, vizier of Cairo 167

  I N D E X

  211

  Shirkuh 167, 168

  Tripoli 49, 56, 96, 156, 159

  Siberry, J. E. 181

  True Cross, relic 64, 145, 149, 151

  Siloam Pool see Jerusalem

  Tughtagĩn 168

  Simeon II, patriarch of Jerusalem 70,

  Tughtigin, atabeg of Damascus 35

  133, 145–6

  Turtush 81

  Speyer 5, 164

  Tyre 54, 161

  Stabelo the Chamberlain 128

  Stenay 140

  ‘Umar I, caliphe 54, 64

  Stephen II, count of Blois 6, 26, 36, 40,

  Urban II, pope 1–3, 8, 15, 59, 133, 141,

  44, 178

  145, 174

  Stephen of Valence 41, 44

  Uwaq 81

  al-Sulami 163, 184

  Sulla 130

  Vardar, river 17

  Suqmān ibn Ortuq 55, 81, 162

  Verdun 140

  Swan Knight 155

  Viviers 141

  Sybil, queen of Jerusalem 170–1

  Sybille, countess of Coucy 85

  Walter Sanzavohir 4–5, 8–9, 12–14, 19

  Warner, count of Grez 37

  tafurs 34, 46

  William, bishop of Orange 31, 139

  Tancred ix–xi, 7, 17–18, 20, 26–7, 29,

  William, brother of Tancred 29

  32–3, 40, 44, 48, 60, 61, 62, 75, 80,

  William I, duke of Normandy, king of

  84, 87, 88, 93–4, 98, 101–2, 104,

  England, ‘the Conqueror’ 6, 80

  118, 119, 126–7, 128–9, 133, 134,

  William II, king of England 156

  136–8, 142, 144, 148, 152, 153, 155,

  William VI of Montpellier 46, 61, 97

  157–9, 181–2

  William Embracio 77–8, 84, 92

  Tarsus 32, 75, 158, 178

  William Hugh of Monteil 49, 61, 97

  Taticius 21, 23, 36, 40

  William Sabran 74, 122

  Tekoah 73

  William of Grandmesnil 40

  Templars 163–4, 165, 171

  William of Tyre 160, 165, 166, 167–8,

  Temple of Solomon see Dome of the

  172, 182

  Rock

  William Peyre of Cunhlat 41

  Th

  ierry, count of Flanders 165

  William ‘the Carpenter’

  Th

  omas of Marle 5, 30, 60, 74–7, 93,

  of Melun 16, 40

  129, 159–60

  Worms 5

  Th

  oros, lord of Edessa 33

  Ti
berias 170

  Yaghī-Siyān, governor of Antioch 34, 35,

  Tinchebray, battle 1106 157

  37, 38–9, 43

  Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus 82, 83

  Yāqūtī 55

  Tortosa 74, 159

  Toucy 181

  Zankī, atabeg of Mosul 163, 164, 166,

  Tower of David see David’s Tower

  168, 169

  Treaty of Devol 158

  Zemun 12

  Document Outline

  Contents

  List of Figures

  Preface

  Acknowledgements

  Chapter 1 In the Beginning

  Chapter 2 Endurance

  Chapter 3 Factions and Schisms

  Chapter 4 Thirst

  Chapter 5 Siege Warfare

  Chapter 6 Preparing for the Assault

  Chapter 7 The Storming of Jerusalem

  Chapter 8 Friday, 15 July 1099

  Chapter 9 The Aftermath

  Chapter 10 Legacy

  Appendix

  Abbreviations

  Notes

  Bibliography

  Index A

  B

  C

  D

  E

  F

  G

  H

  I

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  K

  L

  M

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  O

  P

  Q

  R

  S

  T

  U

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  Y

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